Linux情境練習: | ||||||||||
1.安裝一台CentOS | ||||||||||
磁碟分割:
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2.新增三個使用者,tom,jack,amy,預設群組mis。每位使用者的家目錄最多只能放到20MB資料,超過18MB則警告。 |
Quota啟用: | #vim /etc/fstab LABEL=/ / ext3 defaults,grpquota 1 1 LABEL=/home /home ext3 defaults,usrquota 1 2 #mount -o remount / #mount -o remount /home #cat /etc/mtab /dev/sda2 / ext3 rw,grpquota 0 0 /dev/sda5 /home ext3 rw,usrquota 0 0 #quotacheck -uvagmc #quotaon |
新增帳號: | #useradd -g mis tom #useradd -g mis jack #useradd -g mis amy |
Quota設定: | 1.USER #setquota tom 18000 20000 0 0 /home #setquota jack 18000 20000 0 0 /home #setquota amy 18000 20000 0 0 /home or #edquota -p tom -u jack #edquota -p tom -u amy 2.GROUP #setquota -g mis 80000 100000 0 0 / |
Quota測試: | [root@localhost ~]# su - tom [tom@localhost ~]$ pwd /home/tom [tom@localhost ~]$ dd if=/dev/zero of=testfile bs=1M count=19 sda5: warning, user block quota exceeded. 19+0 records in 19+0 records out 19922944 bytes (20 MB) copied,0.495339 秒,40.2 MB/s [tom@localhost ~]$ dd if=/dev/zero of=testfile bs=1M count=21 sda5: warning, user block quota exceeded. sda5: write failed, user block limit reached. dd: 寫入 ‘testfile’: 硬碟 quota 滿了 20+0 records in 19+0 records out 20385792 bytes (20 MB) copied,0.017867 秒,1.1 GB/s |
3.建立一個目錄:/opt/mis,這個目錄為三個使用者的共享目錄。最大100MB,超過80MB警告, 並建立家目錄到此目錄的連結。
目錄建置: | [root@localhost ~]#mkdir /opt/mis [root@localhost ~]#chown root:mis /opt/mis [root@localhost ~]#chmod 775 /opt/mis group quota測試如上,但最好使用兩個帳號,分別建立75M與30M大小的檔案測試 |
連結建置: | [root@localhost ~]#ln -s /opt/mis /home/tom/mis [root@localhost ~]#ln -s /opt/mis /home/jack/mis [root@localhost ~]#ln -s /opt/mis /home/amy/mis |
4./opt/mis設定為可用網址方式存取:http://主機ip/mis/。並設定為須輸入帳密才可讀取檔案目錄
httpd設定: | [root@localhost ~]#vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 修改: Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride All 加入: Alias /mis/ "/opt/mis/" AllowOverride all [root@localhost ~]#vim /opt/mis/.htacess Options Indexes AuthUserFile /opt/mis/.htpasswd AuthName "mis" AuthType Basic require valid-user [root@localhost ~]#htpasswd -c /opt/mis/.htpasswd tom [root@localhost ~]#htpasswd -c /opt/mis/.htpasswd jack [root@localhost ~]#htpasswd -c /opt/mis/.htpasswd amy [root@localhost ~]#service httpd restart |
5.主機首頁由tom與amy維護,請設定一個ftp上傳方案。
ftp設定: | [root@localhost ~]#vim /etc/vsftp/vsftpd.conf 修改或加入: anonymous_enable=NO chroot_local_user=YES chroot_list_enable=YES [root@localhost ~]#vim /etc/vsftp/chroot_list 加入: tom amy [root@localhost ~]#service vsftpd restart |
Apache首頁目錄設定: | [root@localhost ~]#chown root:apache /var/www/html [root@localhost ~]#chmod 2775 /var/www/html [root@localhost ~]#usermod -G apache tom [root@localhost ~]#usermod -G apache amy [root@localhost ~]#ln -s /var/www/html /home/tom/html [root@localhost ~]#ln -s /var/www/html /home/amy/html |
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